Monday, March 18, 2013

Life after Higgs boson: What's next for the world's largest atom smasher?

It's a Higgs boson!! Now what? After confirming that the particle discovered last July really is a Higgs boson, the Large Hadron Collider is ready to look for other universes, figure out dark matter, recreate the Big Bang, or find something totally unexpected.

By Stephanie Pappas,?LiveScience Senior Writer / March 14, 2013

The Large Hadron Collider, in its underground tunnel beneath France and Switzerland, found the data that confirms what LHC scientists suspected last July: They found a Higgs boson.

Martial Trezzini / Keystone / AP / File

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Less than five years after it went live, the Large Hadron Collider has confirmed the existence of a Higgs boson, the particle which may explain how other particles get their mass.

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The confirmation comes today (March 14), after a July 2012 announcement of the elementary particle's discovery. At the time, researchers strongly suspected they'd found a Higgs, but needed to collect more data. Since then, they've more than doubled the amount of data they have on the particle using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a 17-mille-long (27 kilometers) underground ring on the French-Swiss border where protons zing around at near the speed of light.

With a Higgs boson discovered, what more is there for this enormous and unusual piece of machinery to do? Lots, according to physicists.

For one thing, scientists are still working out whether the Higgs boson they've discovered fits the Standard Model of physics or if it better fits another theory. (So far, the Standard Model appears to be the winning candidate.)

And the hunt for the Higgs boson is just one of the ongoing projects at the particle accelerator. Other projects have such humble goals as explaining dark matter, revealing the symmetries of the universe and even looking for new dimensions of space, according to the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation.?

"It really is a machine that's capable of going to higher energies, maybe ultimately to a factor of seven times higher energy," said Peter Woit, a physicist at Columbia University. "Which means going to distances seven times smaller and basically looking for anything you can find."

Here are the major projects ongoing at the LHC:

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment @ CERN): By smashing particles together, scientists can recreate the first few milliseconds after the Big Bang, illuminating the early history of the universe. A detector 52 feet (16 meters) high and 85 feet (261 m) long enables scientists to study what's known as quark-gluon plasma. The researchers collide heavy ions, liberating their quarks and gluons (quarks are the constituent part of protons, which are held together by gluons). It takes a machine like the LHC to separate these atomic particles and study them individually.

ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC Apparatus): This is the experiment that observed a Higgs in July. But ATLAS's work isn't done. The LHC, and the ATLAS detector, are currently in shutdown mode, preparing for an energy increase. When LHC starts up again after 2013, the atom smasher will be able to fling protons at each other at 14 teraelectronvolts (TeV), double its previous 7 TeV.

ATLAS has a broad mission. It's a tool that can search for extra dimensions of space and supersymmetry, the idea that every known particle has a "superpartner particle," an important component of string theory. Supersymmetry would, in turn, help elucidate dark energy, which may exist in the vacuum of space and be responsible for the acceleration of the universe's expansion. ATLAS is also part of the search for dark matter, a mysterious form of matter that may make up more than 95 percent of the universe's total matter density, but which is virtually unknown. [Whoa! The Coolest Little Particles in Nature]

CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid): Like ATLAS, CMS is a jack-of-all trades. The detector is meant to explore the same questions about the origins of the universe and the fundamentals of matter.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/ZOkMgPRP-AU/Life-after-Higgs-boson-What-s-next-for-the-world-s-largest-atom-smasher

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Sunday, March 17, 2013

China, US: Stop hacking accusations, says official

BEIJING ? China and the United States should avoid "groundless accusations" against each other about cyber security and hacking into each other's computer systems, newly installed Premier Li Keqiang said on Sunday.

Li's comments, at the close of China's annual meeting of parliament and a day after he assumed the premiership, come amid a war of words between Beijing and Washington over cyber attacks and national security.

A U.S. computer security company said last month that a secretive Chinese military unit was likely behind a series of hacking attacks mostly targeting the United States.

Responding to a reporter at a news conference, Li said he "sensed the presumption of guilt" in the question.

"I think we should not make groundless accusations against each other, and spend more time doing practical things that will contribute to cyber security," Li said.

"This is a worldwide problem. In fact, China itself is a main target of such attacks," he said. "China does not support, indeed we are opposed to, such activities."

U.S. Treasury Secretary Jack Lew will press China to investigate and stop cyber attacks on U.S. companies and other entities when he visit China this week, a senior U.S. official said on Friday.

President Barack Obama also raised U.S. concerns about computer hacking in a phone call with Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday, the same day Xi took office.

Copyright 2013 Thomson Reuters.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/technolog/china-us-should-stop-war-words-hacking-says-new-chinese-1C8912386

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Automate Your Vegetable Garden with these Self-Watering Planters

Automate Your Vegetable Garden with these Self-Watering Planters We've shown you how to make self-watering planter boxes with plastic storage containers, but if you want something a little more permanent for your backyard, The Family Handyman has a great design for a self-watering planter.

This build is fairly complex, but the resulting planters are attractive enough to show off in your yard, and can keep plants hydrated for weeks at a time without adding water. The design utilizes porous plastic drainage tubes wrapped in fabric to soak the soil and let your herbs and vegetables sip water as needed. If you're interested in building one of your own, be sure to check out the guide on The Family Handyman.

Build Your Own Self-Watering Planter | The Family Handyman

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/lifehacker/full/~3/ZZmaXZfPjHg/automate-your-vegetable-garden-with-these-self+watering-planters

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Saturday, March 16, 2013

25 Famous Toys We Took to Outer Space

NASA recently released a few photos of the Expedition 34 crew aboard the International Space Station. Sitting inconspicuously in the corner of one of the pictures was Gort, the Earth-murdering robot from the 1951 classic The Day the Earth Stood Still. So we decided to sift through the vast archives of space exploration looking for other toys in space. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/qoPhOCl_JSQ/these-are-the-most-famous-toys-in-space

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Carnival returns to profit; travelers fear mishaps

(AP) ? The world's largest cruise line has suffered through a series of high-profile mishaps. Yet passengers continue to book vacations thanks to discounts, albeit at a slower pace.

The company offered more sales to help attract passengers after an engine fire last month crippled the Carnival Triumph, leaving 4,200 people stranded for five days without working toilets or power. This week, two more of its ships had mechanical problems, ruining the vacations of thousands of more travelers.

Carnival Corp., earned $37 million, or 5 cents per share, in its first quarter. That compares with a loss of $139 million, or 18 cents per share, a year earlier. But its forecast for the year came in below analyst's predictions. Its shares fell more than 3 percent in morning trading.

On Thursday, the company ended the voyage of the Carnival Dream after the ship's backup emergency diesel generator failed, causing problems with elevators and toilets. Instead of continuing back to Florida, Carnival was forced to charter airplanes to fly home the ship's 4,300 passengers. The Dream's next trip, which was supposed to start Sunday, was also canceled. All of the passengers on that voyage will receive a refund for the cruise and airfare.

Late Thursday, the company announced another ship ? the Legend ? was also having mechanical problems and would skip its stop at the Cayman Islands, heading straight to its final port in Tampa, Fla. instead.

Vacationers have been wary about booking cruises ever since the Costa Concordia ? also owned by Carnival ? sank off the coast of Italy in January 2012. Passengers have returned to the seas, but only thanks to deep discounts.

Following the Triumph mishap, the cruise line is doing an assessment of emergency power and redundancies across its entire fleet, Howard S. Frank, Carnival's chief operating officer, told analysts during a conference call Friday. There is no estimate to the cost of improvements, which will take some time to carry out. "I don't see it as being enormous," Frank said.

The company refused to tell analysts how much it spent each year on safety and training.

In its earnings release Friday, the Miami-based company said advance bookings for 2013 are behind the same point a year earlier. The company also blamed Europe's economic problems for its inability to raise prices. North American prices are up slightly but those in Europe and Asia are lagging behind. Passengers in Europe are booking vacations much closer to the date of departure.

Asked if they would like to share how deep the discounts have been for the various lines, Carnival executives replied, "Not particularly."

Carnival runs cruises under 10 brands including Holland America, Princess, Cunard and Seabourn.

For the quarter that ended Feb. 28, adjusted earnings were 8 cents per share. Analysts had expected 3 cents per share. Revenue rose slightly to $3.59 billion. Analysts expected $3.64 billion.

The best thing going for Carnival right now is declining fuel prices.

The cruise line paid $677 per metric ton for fuel in the first quarter, down 4 percent from the same period last year. That savings alone accounted for 3 cents per share.

However, it is the full-year outlook that worries Wall Street.

Carnival had predicted in December that revenue would rise in 2013 by 1 to 2 percent. On Friday, it said that is now expects revenue to be flat.

Other cruise lines have also been hurt, mainly because of the lagging European economy. Summer Mediterranean cruises favored by Italians and Spaniards are suffering due to those countries economic woes. Last month, Royal Caribbean, the world's second-largest cruise line wrote down $413.9 million due to a substantial drop in bookings and prices in Spain following the government's austerity measures there. Royal Caribbean also blamed residual fears from the Costa Concordia disaster for a drop in European bookings.

Carnival's stock was down $1.28, or 3.6 percent, to $34.45 in morning trading.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2013-03-15-US-Earns-Carnival/id-63e8847745754e45aadedb78c8b8f791

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Egypt's Islamists Warn Giving Women Some Rights Could Destroy ...

Fear that the Freedom and Justice Party?s (FJP) victory in Egypt would lead to a move toward a harsh religious legal system were initially rejected but seem to have borne some fruit today, with the party condemning the UN declaration on women?s rights and promising to oppose the resolution.

In the statement, the FJP claims that the declaration would destroy the family and lead to a complete disintegration of society insisting full equality would mean allowing women to marry non-Muslims and would mean a de facto end to polygamy.

It further frets that allowing women to work and travel without the permission of their husbands would return society to a state of ?pre-Islamic ignorance,? demanding the world reject the plan as ?subversive.?

The declaration has several opponents worldwide, with Egypt?s government joining Iran?s, as well as the Russians and the Vatican, all with various objections centering to around gender equality or legalizing the use of contraceptives.

Last 5 posts by Jason Ditz

Source: http://news.antiwar.com/2013/03/15/egypts-islamists-warn-giving-women-some-rights-could-destroy-society/

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Rand Paul on McCain: 'The GOP of old has grown stale and moss-covered' (Washington Post)

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